Oil burner



Aug. 24,1926. 1,597,027

F. s.. EGLOFF` oIL BURNER Filed oct. 19, v1925 l \I lllll l," i Il j v #32 E j 4 43 Patented Angl 24, 1,926.

' UNITED STATES PATENT ,ol-Fieriv FRANK S. EGLOFF, OF IB'I'VIElIEtSIDI-l,l ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T0 RICHARDV TODD, OF RIVERSIDE, ILLINOIS.

OIL BURNER.

Application led October 19, 1925. Serial No. 63,254.

This invention which' relates to an 'oil burner is designed particularly for use with building plants of various kinds. In its construction are embodied numerous features of improvement having to do with slmplicity in the construction and assembly of its-several components, and with general accessibility or removability of its principal units for purposes of repair, replacement, cleaning, or what not.

In addition the burner includes a iame spreader in the forl'n of a manifold in which is preheated air for supporting combustion; an air control by which a selected volume of air is admitted for the support of combustion; and means which leads along a heated wall the incoming air whereby its temperature is raised to a high degree before combining with the fuel. These and other objects of my linvention are more fully set forth in the description and claims to follow, taken in conjunction with the` accompanying drawing, wherein an illustrative embodiment thereof is shown in the manner following:

` Figure 1 is a central through the burner; and- Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view thereof. l

The present burner comprises .four major units-a burner head- A whereon'is carried a manifold B,a frame C in which the burner head is mounted, and a ring D loosely supported on -the frame. These several parts, when assembled as shown in Fig. 1. are adapted to to which pipe connections are also exten to supply or removeoil, as required. 'The burner head is in the general form of a hollow cone having an inner cylindrical wall 3 u'niting with a bottom 4 which, lin turn, outencone wall jhaving its upper edge 6 terminating, by preference, slightly below th upper edge of the inner wall 3. Between the cone edge 6' and the proximate wall is an opening 7, shown as. annular. which communicates with the chamber 8 Awhich is formed interiorly/ of the burner head by the walls and bottom just described. A fuel inlet 9 is connected with theburner head so as to deliver oil into this chamber.

The cohical wall 5 ofthe burner head is shown as smooth and relatively steep, and

vertical section ded I near its base is provided with an outwardly extending shoulder' 10, and extending bebe' placed within-a.' furnace.`

is unitedv with the lower edge of an.

low andoutwardly from the cone base is an annular primary trough 11 surrounded by a peripheral wall 12 which, after extending upwardly to a point about level with the shoulder 10, is outwardly iared as at 13.

A burner head of this general descripl tion is mounted within the frame C which, as'shown, comprises inner and outer cylindrical walls 14 and 15, respectively, between which isan annular chamber with openings 16 in the bottom thereof. The burner which extends down into the space interio'rly of the inner wall 14 is provided with a vdepending annulus 17 adapted to seat within a circular shoulder 18 in the upper portion of a wall 20 which is extended inwardly and upwardly from the inner frame wall 14. The shape of the wall 20 is such as to provide, nular space constituting a secondary trough 20EL in which depends the primary trough 11. The diameters of the walls 12I and 14 are such that, when the parts are assembled in place, an annular space will intervene permitting oil to drain, if necessary, from the primary trough top of the wall 12 down into the secdndary trough in the frame. Moreover, the frame support .for the burner head is such as to preserve a clearance between the upper edge of the wall 14 and theoutwardly flaring wardly from the base of the burner head together with theJ wall 14, an anthrough vholes 21 near the fixedly'secured to its supporting frame may A to connect witha common plate 24 wherein is an opening for a tube 25 having a head 26.ad'apted'to engage the upper side of the plate. Complementary to the' parts just described are other arms 27 extending inwardly from the frame wall 20 Ato connect with la common v,plate 28 wherein is an` opening* through which theJ tube is also extended. The end of the tube proximate thereto is threaded to receive a nut which bears against Ithe under side' of the plate 'so as to ldraw the burner head tightly to its seat in the frame. It will be noted that he open space interiorly of the frame an burner head is preserved substantially clear for up- 110 ward passage ofair into the central portion 1y fitted within the channel annulus. By osof the burner head. cillating the plate 43 all the slots may be Upon the upper end of the circular wall 3 -brought into or out of' register, thereby varyis rested a flame ,defiector which is in the ing form of an outwardly flaring manifold B which air is admitted into the chamber of having a removable cap or closure 30. Inthe frame. Manipulation of the plate 43 teriorly of the manifold is a chamber from may conveniently be effected with the aid of which air is discharged through openings a rockable rod 44 having its end 45 bent to y within the manifold prior to its delivery 31 in the under side thereof against the in- '90 degrees or so for engagement with the ner side of the flame. The air is preheated plate, as shown. The mounting in which the rod 44 may be rocked, is shown as a plate therefrom to support. combustion ofv the 46 which may, if desired, have a depending liquid fuel which iows down upon the Support from the channel annulus.

conical walls of the burner head. I would The present burner may use advantagehave it noted that air so supplied proceeds ously any suitable distillate whose gravity downwardly in a current which is counter range is, say, from 32 to 38 degrees Baume.

thetotal area of the openings through to that of the primary air supply which will' now be described.

\ Associated with the frame C is the circu The burner chamber is filled from the supply pipe so that the oil therein may burn at the opening 7, the oil burning at that point lar ring Dwhich is ada ted to be fitted upon AOnly pIOduCing the minimum amount 0f a seat 32 provided in t e upper edge of its flame and heat. With increase in 4the flow outer wall 15. The ring' includes an outer of oil to the burner, a portion of the fuel wall 33 which is upwardly extended from which overflows upon the relatively steep the outer frame wall 15; it is the. bent over c omcal walls 5 will spread and break up, the inwardly, as at 34, and then downwardly lighter-part being consumed before reaching again to provide an innerv wall which the has@ of the cone; the flW 0f the heavier flares inwardly, as shown. The lower innery portion of the fuel 1s retarded at the' l i the wall 33 around its lcurved'upperpor- ,tions 34 and then downwardly again Past 011 through the intake plpe 1s opened acciventing 37 that are formed in bosses at desired purpose, the framemay be provided adjavided in a circular plate 43 which is slidingedgoof the ring is thus disposed below the Shoulder` 10 0f the cone, being consumed at top edge of the wall portion 13, and oonthatpoint or above so as to produce .the siderably to the inner side thereof, as shown. 111321111111111 amOllIlt 0f flame and heat, the

The effect of this is to cause air entering flame being Spread ill a desirable manner byy through the openings 16 to travel up along means 0f the defleCtOr B- the lower edge of the inner wall 35 which dentally or otherwise, so as to allow oil to is constantly heated because of its proximity #10W through the burner WlthOut being to the flame.. This primary supply of air, lgnlted, or 1n case of an excess of oil being heated in thev manner just described, is refed t9 the burner, any Such GXCBSS 0I OVGI- quired to pass around the lower edge of flow 1s collected-rstin the trough 11 from the wall 35, by, which it is directed adjawhence 1t may dram lnto the secondary cent the base of the burner to the outside ofl trough 20 thelebelOW, if th@ HOW be? 110D the flame so as to su port combustion of the checked. The outlet pipe 22 will remove all fuel at that point. n this course of travel, Oil collecting in the secondary` trough. the wall portion 13" assists indirecting the The combustlon 0f the 011 1S Supported in air current around the wall 35 and in `pre a very effective manner, by air being conany natural draft from interfering ducted to the flame from-both its inner and therewith. outer sides. Interiorly of the burner a.

The burner frame may be supported in any desirable manner. It may, for example, distributed from the manifold in a manbe provided with vthree or more legs 36 ner which forms an air curtain between the adapted to be screw-threaded within sockets defiector B and the flame below, thus tendpoints ing to ensure a complete combustion o'f the adjacent the frame base. I may also prooil with a consequent minimization of carvide a means for'controlling the volume of bonization and vibration. The manifold is air passing through the openings 16 into the especially veffective in raising the air temchamberl between the framepwalls. For this perature sufficiently to harmonize with the flash point of a low grade fuel. cent its .base with an outturned flange 38 to The main supply of air to the burner the under side of which isl secured, as by which passes through the'frame chamber is bolts 39,' lugs 4 0 which extend outwardly controllable s to volume, velocity, and point from a channel annulus 41 having in its unof contact with the oil. der side a plurality of equidistantly spaced proper mixture of air with oil is assured, slots 42. These are adapted to register with such as is necessary for-complete combustion other slots of similar slze and spacing proof the fuel. By the use of cone walls which are relatively steep and smooth, I am able In this manner a In case any valve controlling the owlof quantity of air passes up to be preheated and `to secure a, maximum amount of fuel spread, with a minimum amount of thickness of the oil lowexposed to the current of air which passes through the openings 16. The result of this is a clean combustion andv maximum efficiency of the fuel used. The oil supply inside the burner cone is preheated to the boiling point by the heat from the burning oil on the exterior ofthe burner cone, thereby further increasing the general efliciency of the apparatus. A burneranswering to the preceding description may be advantageously operated with. a natural draft of air and gravity feed of fuel, thusconducing to the general simplicityl of the mechanism. I claim:- Y

1. In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination of a frame'having an outer annular chamberand an innerr annular trough, a burner headlextending above the frame and provided/i. with an annular trough, which mentioned, means depending from the burner head adapted to rest upon the frame whereby a mounting thereupon is provided for the burner head, means for directing air passing through the chamber toward the urner head base, and means for supplying liquid fuel to the burner head, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the kind described, a. conical burner head having a hollow fuel chamber with an annular. opening adjacent the top through which fuel may pass to flow down upon the conical wall -of the burner head where the heat resulting from combustion thereof is conducted in part to the fuel within the chamber, there being a vertical air passage within the -fuel chamber extending above the top thereof,-a manifold above the burner openln having an upwardly and outwardly exten ing wall which serves as a flame deflector, there being a plurality of openings in said wall through which preheated air within the manifold is delivered thereof, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination of a burner head having an annular trough the outer wall of which is outwardly'flared adjacent its upper edge, a-

vupper edge s o dependsinto the trough first` to the flame to support combustionl frame in which the burner head is mounted havingA al lower secondary trough wnereln the burner trough 1s receiyable, there being means for permitting an 'excess of liquid fuel to .drain from the burner trough into ,conducting air through the burner head and delivering the same to the flame from above, substantially as described.

4. An apparatus of the kind described in which is comprised a burner head having adjacent its base an annular trough surrounded by va wall whose upper edge is outwardly flared, a frame in which the burner head is sup orted having hollow circular walls, providing an annular chamber therewithin, the of the inner wall terminating rt of the flared edge of the trough wall and the outer frame wall being extended upwardly past said flared edge, then inwardly and downwardly below said edge to terminate'within 'the Vtrough, a passage being thereby provided for the travel of air up-V wardly through the frame chamber, wherein it is deflected outwardly by the flaring edge of the trough, and then inwardly and downwardly by the curved upper portion of the outer frame wall whereby the air is disinto the trough adjacent the base charged burner head, substantially as deof the scribed.

5. An apparatus of the kind described in which is comprised a frame having inner and outer walls between which is. an annu; lar chamber, a ring FRANK s. EGLoFF.

supported on the outerf frame wall and extending upwardly, then eo -v and to the outside of 

